Abstract Title
Risk Stratification of Radiation Exposure to General Public from the Patients of CA Thyroid and Benign Thyroid Diseases

Authors

MUHAMMAD SHAHBAZ

Theme

Medical Physics

INSTITUTION

PINUM CANCER HOSPITAL FAISALABAD PAKISTAN

Background
  1. Iodine-131 is an important radioisotope of Iodine and is known as gold standard for the treatment of thyroid diseases.
  2. PINUM is the only institute in Faisalabad which is providing the facilities to diagnose and treat thyroid diseases especially radioiodine therapy.
  3. Faisalabad is the third largest city of Pakistan and currently Faisalabad´s economy faces many challenges which include load shedding of gas and electricity.
  4. Release or hospitalization of patients undergoing radioiodine therapy depends on the  medical needs of patient, their pattern of contact with other people, their age, their home environment and their contact with children and pregnant women. 
  5. The aim of this study was to find the impact of socioeconomic status of thyroid cancer patients of Faisalabad and surrounding areas (with in mini distance of 50 Km from PINUM) on the general public regarding radiation exposure. 
Summary of Work
  • In this study observations were performed on 120 patients.
  • 100 non-admitted patients (benign diseases <30 m Ci of I 131)  
  • 20 admitted patients (Ca Thyroid >30 m Ci of I 131).
  • The patients with benign diseases were admitted for only 1 hour
  • The patients of Ca thyroid were admitted for 40-45 hours.
  • Different risk factors are used depending upon socioeconomic status of patients and scores are assigned.
  • Range of score for each factor is defined from 0 to 2 depending upon severty.
  • Accumulated risk of each patient to general public is calculated and categorize as no risk, low risk, intermediate risk and high risk. 
Summary of Results
  •  Socioecnomic Status (Low Socioecnomic Status)
  • Male/Female Comparison (Prevalence more in Females)
  • Distribution regarding age groups ( Highest no. of Patients 25 - 35 years)
  • Risk Assisment of Patients with Benign Diseases   38% patients posing High Risk, 60% patients posing Intermediate Risk, 2%  patients with Low Risk, 0% No Risk  
  • Risk Assisment of Patients with Ca Thyroid   25% patients posing High Risk, 75% patients posing Intermediate Risk, 5% patients with Low Risk, 0% No Risk   
Conclusion

It was found that

  • Thyroid diseases are found more in females as compare to males
  • Low socioeconomic status of patients with thyroid diseases in Faisalabad pose a risk of radiation exposure to the general public.
  • Discharge criteria should be customized according to patients socioecnomic status.
  • Doctors and nurses strictly recommend patients to live in separate rooms, use separate washrooms.
  • The patients must stay away from general public, from their family members especially from children and pregnant women if possible.
Acknowledgement

Dr. Muhammad Saeed Akhtar (Director PINUM)

Dr. Babar Imran (Head Nuclear Medicine Department PINUM)

Dr. Muhammad Iqbal (Senior Medical Officer PINUM)

Mr. Muhammad Afzal Nadeem (Dputy Chief Scientist/RPO PINUM)

Background
Summary of Work
Scores on the basis of different factors
Factors Yes No Drive self
Transport 1 (with driver) 2 (Public Transport) 0
Separate Room 0 1  
Separate Wash Room 0 1  
Children (< 12 Years) 1 0  
Pregnant Lady Present 1 0  

 

Risk Catagories

Score Catagory
(5 - 6)/6 High Risk
(3 - 4)/6 Intermediate Risk
(1 - 2)/6 Low Risk
0/6 No Risk

 

Summary of Results

 

Conclusion
Acknowledgement
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